Ochwepheshe bezokuphepha emlilweni bagcizelela ukubaluleka kokukhetha isicisha-mlilo esifanele engozini ngayinye. Amanzi,Isicisha-manzi seFoam, Isicishamlilo esiyimpushana esomile, uhlobo olumanzi umshini wokucisha umlilo, kanye namamodeli ebhethri e-lithium-ion akhuluma ngezingozi eziyingqayizivele. Imibiko yezigameko zonyaka evela emithonjeni esemthethweni igqamisa isidingo sobuchwepheshe obusha nezisombululo ezihlosiwe emakhaya, ezindaweni zokusebenza, nasezimotweni.

Kuchazwe Amakilasi Okucima Umlilo

Izindinganiso zokuphepha komlilo zihlukanisa imililo ngezigaba ezinhlanu eziyinhloko. Ikilasi ngalinye lichaza uhlobo oluthile lukaphethiloli futhi lidinga isicisha-mlilo esiyingqayizivele sokulawula okuphephile nokusebenzayo. Ithebula elingezansi lifingqa leizincazelo ezisemthethweni, imithombo yamafutha evamile, nezinto zokucima umlilo ezinconyiwe zekilasi ngalinye:

Ikilasi A – Izinto Ezivuthayo Ezivamile

Imililo yekilasi A ihlanganisa izinto ezifana nezinkuni, iphepha, nendwangu. Le mililo ishiya ngemuva umlotha namalahle. Izicishamlilo ezisekelwe emanzini kanye namamodeli amakhemikhali awomile anezinjongo eziningi asebenza kahle kakhulu. Amakhaya namahhovisi ngokuvamile asebenzisa izicishamlilo ze-ABC kulezi zingozi.

I-Class B - Uketshezi Oluvuthayo

Imililo yesigaba B iqala ngoketshezi oluvuthayo njengophethiloli, uwoyela, nopende. Le mililo ibhebhetheka ngokushesha futhi ikhiphe intuthu ewugqinsi. I-CO2 nezicishamlilo zamakhemikhali omile zisebenza kakhulu. Ama-foam agents nawo asiza ngokuvimbela ukuvutha kabusha.

I-Class C - Imililo kagesi

Imililo yekilasi C ihlanganisa izinto zikagesi ezinamandla. Izinhlansi kanye nephunga likagesi elivuthayo ngokuvamile libonisa lolu hlobo. Kuphela ama-non-conductive agents afana ne-CO2 noma izicishamlilo zamakhemikhali omile okufanele zisetshenziswe. Amanzi noma igwebu kungabangela ukushaqeka kukagesi futhi kufanele kugwenywe.

I-Class D - I-Metal Fires

Imililo yesigaba D yenzeka lapho izinsimbi ezifana ne-magnesium, i-titanium, noma i-sodium ivutha. Le mililo ishisa kakhulu futhi isabela ngendlela eyingozi emanzini.Izicishamlilo ezikhethekile eziyimpushana ezomile, njengalezo ezisebenzisa i-graphite noma i-sodium chloride, zigunyazwe lezi zinsimbi.

I-Class K - Amafutha Okupheka Namafutha

Imililo ye-Class K yenzeke emakhishini, ngokuvamile ehlanganisa amafutha okupheka namafutha. Izicishamlilo ezingamakhemikhali ezimanzi zenzelwe le mililo. Ziyapholisa futhi zivale amafutha avuthayo, zivimbele ukuvutha kabusha. Amakhishi okuhweba adinga lezi zicishamlilo ukuze ziphephe.

Izinhlobo Zesicishamlilo Esibalulekile sango-2025

Isicishamlilo samanzi

Izicisha-mlilo zamanzi zihlala ziyisisekelo ekuphepheni komlilo, ikakhulukazi emililo ye-Class A. Lezi zicishamlilo ziyapholisa futhi zicwilise izinto ezivuthayo njengokhuni, iphepha nendwangu, ukuze umlilo ungabhubhi. Abantu bavame ukukhetha izicisha-mlilo zamanzi zamakhaya, izikole namahhovisi ngenxa yokuthi zingabizi, kulula ukuzisebenzisa futhi aziyigcini imvelo.

Qaphela: Ungalokothi usebenzise isicishamlilo samanzi emililoni ewuketshezi kagesi noma evuthayo. Amanzi ahambisa ugesi futhi angasakaza uketshezi oluvuthayo, okwenza lezi zimo zibe yingozi kakhulu.

Isicishamlilo esinegwebu

Izicishamlilo eziyigwebu zinikeza ukuvikeleka okuhlukahlukene kuyo yomibili imililo yeSigaba A kanye Nesigaba B. Basebenza ngokuvala umlilo ngengubo ewugqinsi yegwebu, bapholise indawo engaphezulu futhi bavimbe umoya-mpilo ukuze bagweme ukuvutha kabusha. Izimboni ezifana nowoyela, igesi, namakhemikhali e-petrochemicals zithembele kusicisha-mlilo esinegwebu ukuze sikwazi ukuphatha imililo ewuketshezi evuthayo. Amagaraji amaningi, amakhishi, nezindawo zezimboni nazo zisebenzisa izicisha-mlilo ezinegwebu ezingozini zomlilo ezixubile.

• Ukucisha umlilo okusheshayo kanye nokunciphisa isikhathi sokushiswa emuva
• Ama-foam agents athuthukisiwe ngokwemvelo
• Ifanele izindawo lapho kugcinwa khona amafutha noma amafutha

Izicishamlilo ze-Foam zithole ukuthandwa ngo-2025 ngenxa yazoamaphrofayili emvelo athuthukisiwekanye nempumelelo ezimeni zezimboni nezindawo zokuhlala.

I-Dry Chemical (ABC) Isicishamlilo

Izicishamlilo zamakhemikhali omile (ABC) zigqama njengohlobo olusetshenziswa kakhulu ngo-2025. Isithako sazo esisebenzayo, i-monoammonium phosphate, izivumela ukuthi zibhekane nemililo ye-Class A, B, kanye no-C. Le mpushana ithunqa amalangabi, iphazamise inqubo yokuvutha, futhi yakhe isendlalelo esivikelayo ukuze ivimbele ukuvutha kabusha.

Izicisha-mlilo zamakhemikhali omile zinikeza ikhambi elinokwethenjelwa, elihlanganisa yonke into yamakhaya, amabhizinisi, nezindawo zezimboni. Nokho, azifanelekele imililo yamafutha asekhishini noma imililo yensimbi, lapho kudingeka izicisha-mlilo ezikhethekile.

I-CO2 Fire Extinguisher

Izicishamlilo ze-CO2sebenzisa i-carbon dioxide gas ukucisha imililo ngaphandle kokushiya noma iyiphi insalela. Lezi zicishamlilo zilungele imililo kagesi nasezindaweni ezibucayi njengezikhungo zedatha, amalabhorethri, nezindawo zokunakekelwa kwempilo. Izicisha-mlilo ze-CO2 zisebenza ngokususa umoya-mpilo kanye nokupholisa umlilo, zizenze zisebenze kahle emililo ye-Class B neye-Class C.

• Azikho izinsalela, ziphephile kuma-electronics
• Ingxenye yemakethe ekhula ngokushesha ngenxa yokwanda kwengqalasizinda yedijithali

Isexwayiso: Ezikhaleni ezivalekile, i-CO2 ingasusa umoya-mpilo futhi idale ingozi yokuminyanisa. Ngaso sonke isikhathi qinisekisa ukungena komoya ngendlela efanele futhi ugweme ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside ezindaweni ezivalekile.

Isicishamlilo esimanzi samakhemikhali

Izicishamlilo ezingamakhemikhali amanzi zenzelwe imililo ye-Class K, ehlanganisa amafutha okupheka namafutha. Lezi zicisha-mlilo zifutha inkungu encane epholisa amafutha avuthayo bese yenza ungqimba olunensipho, ivale indawo engaphezulu futhi ivimbele ukuvutha kabusha. Amakhishi ezentengiselwano, izindawo zokudlela, nezindawo zokucubungula ukudla zincike izicisha-mlilo zamakhemikhali ezimanzi ukuze zivikeleke.

• Isebenza kahle kuma-deep fat fryer kanye nezinto zokupheka ezithengiswayo
• Kudingeka amakhodi okuphepha ezindaweni eziningi zesevisi yokudla

Isicishamlilo sePowder Eyomile

Izicishamlilo eziyimpuphu eyomile zinikeza isivikelo esibanzi emililo yeSigaba A, B, no-C, kanye neminye imililo kagesi efinyelela ku-1000 volts. Ingcweti yamamodeli empushana eyomile angakwazi futhi ukuphatha imililo yensimbi (Ikilasi D), ayenze ibaluleke kuzilungiselelo zezimboni.

• Kunconyelwe amagaraji, izindawo zokusebenzela, amagumbi okubhayela, namathangi kaphethiloli
• Ayifanele imililo yagrisi yasekhishini noma imililo kagesi enamandla amakhulu

Ithiphu: Gwema ukusebenzisa izicishamlilo ezomile eziyimpushana ezindaweni ezivalekile, njengoba impushana inganciphisa ukubonakala futhi ibeke izingozi zokuhogela.

Isicishamlilo sebhethri ye-Lithium-ion

Izicishamlilo zebhethri ye-lithium-ion zimelela ukuqanjwa okukhulu kuka-2025. Ngokukhuphuka kwezimoto zikagesi, ama-electronics aphathekayo, kanye nesitoreji samandla avuselelekayo, umlilo webhethri we-lithium-ion usuyinkinga enkulu. Izicisha-mlilo ezintsha zifaka izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezisekelwe emanzini, ezingenabo ubuthi, futhi ezilungele imvelo. Lawa mamodeli asabela ngokushesha ekubalekeni okushisayo, amaseli ebhethri aseduze apholile, futhi avimbele ukuvutha kabusha.

• Imiklamo eqinile nephathekayo yamakhaya, amahhovisi, nezimoto
• Iklanyelwe ngqo imililo yebhethri ye-lithium-ion
• Amandla okucindezela kanye nokupholisa ngokushesha

Ubuchwepheshe bamuva bebhethri ye-lithium-ion buhlanganisa izici ezakhelwe ngaphakathi zokucindezela umlilo, njengama-polymers abamba ilangabi asebenza emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, anikeza ukuphepha okuthuthukisiwe nokuzinza.

Indlela Yokukhetha Isicishamlilo Esilungile

Ukuhlola Imvelo Yakho

Ukukhetha isicisha-mlilo esifanele kuqala ngokubheka indawo ezungezile ngokucophelela. Abantu kufanele bahlonze izingozi zomlilo njengempahla kagesi, izindawo zokupheka, nokugcinwa kwezinto ezivuthayo. Kudingeka bahlole isimo semishini yezokuphepha futhi baqinisekise ukuthi ama-alamu nokuphuma kusebenza kahle. Isakhiwo sesakhiwo sithinta indawo yokucima umlilo ukuze ufinyelele ngokushesha. Ukubuyekezwa okuvamile nezibuyekezo zisiza ukugcina izinhlelo zokuphepha emlilweni zisebenza kahle.

Ukufanisa isicishamlilo nengozi yomlilo

Ukufanisa isicishamlilo nengozi yomlilo kuqinisekisa ukuvikeleka okungcono kakhulu. Izinyathelo ezilandelayo zisiza ukuqondisa inqubo yokukhetha:

1. Khomba izinhlobo zemililo engenzeka, njengeClass A yezinto ezivuthayo noma Ikilasi K lamafutha asekhishini.
2. Sebenzisa izicishamlilo ezisetshenziswa ngezindlela eziningi ezindaweni ezinezingozi ezixubile.
3. Khethaamamodeli akhethekilengezingozi eziyingqayizivele, njengamayunithi e-ejenti ahlanzekile amagumbi eseva.
4. Cabangela ubukhulu nesisindo sokuphatha kalula.
5. Beka izicishamlilo eduze nezindawo ezinobungozi obukhulu futhi uzigcine zibonakala.
6. Ibhalansi yezindleko nezidingo zokuphepha.
7. Qeqesha wonke umuntu ngokusetshenziswa okufanele kanye nezinhlelo eziphuthumayo.
8. Hlela ukugcinwa nokuhlolwa njalo.

Kucatshangelwa Izingozi Ezintsha Namazinga

Izindinganiso zokuphepha komlilo ngo-2025 zidinga ukuthotshelwa kwe-NFPA 10, NFPA 70, kanye ne-NFPA 25. Lawa makhodi abeka imithetho yokukhetha, ukufakwa, nokugcinwa. Izicishamlilo kufanele zibe lula ukufinyelela kuzo futhi zibekwe phakathi kwebanga elifanele lokuhamba ukusuka ezingozini. Izingozi ezintsha, ezifana nokusha kwebhethri ye-lithium-ion, shayela izinhlobo zesicisha-mlilo ezibuyekeziwe nokuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi okuvamile.

Izidingo Zasekhaya, Indawo Yomsebenzi, Nezezimoto

Izilungiselelo ezihlukene zinezingozi eziyingqayizivele zomlilo.Izindlu zidinga izicisha-mlilo ezinomakhemikhali owomileeduze nezindawo zokuphuma kanye namagaraji. Izindawo zokusebenza zidinga amamodeli asekelwe ezinhlotsheni eziyingozi, ezinamayunithi akhethekile amakhishi namagumbi e-IT. Izimoto kufanele zithwale izicisha-mlilo ze-Class B no-C ukuze zibambe uketshezi oluvuthayo nemililo kagesi. Ukuhlola okuvamile nokubeka ngendlela efanele kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha yonke indawo.

Ungasisebenzisa Kanjani Isicishamlilo

I-PASS Technique

Ochwepheshe bezokuphepha komlilo batusa lokhuIndlela ye-PASSngokusebenza izicishamlilo eziningi. Le ndlela isiza abasebenzisi ukuthi benze ngokushesha nangendlela efanele ngesikhathi sezimo eziphuthumayo. Izinyathelo ze-PASS zisebenza kuzo zonke izinhlobo zesicisha-mlilo, ngaphandle kwamamodeli asebenzisa i-cartridge, adinga i-isinyathelo sokuvula esengeziwengaphambi kokuqala.

1. Donsa iphinikhodi yokuphepha ukuze uphule uphawu.
2. Khomba umlomo wombhobho phansi emlilweni.
3. Cindezela isibambo ngokulinganayo ukuze ukhulule i-ejenti.
4. Shanela uhlangothi lombhobho ohlangothini ngaphesheya kwesisekelo somlilo kuze kube yilapho amalangabi ayanyamalala.

Abantu kufanele bahlale befunda imiyalelo kusicisha-mlilo sabo ngaphambi kwesimo esiphuthumayo. Indlela ye-PASS ihlala iyindinganiso yokusetshenziswa okuphephile nokusebenzayo.

Amathiphu Okuphepha

Ukusetshenziswa ngendlela efanele kanye nokugcinwa kahle kwezicishamlilo kuvikela izimpilo nempahla. Imibiko yokuphepha komlilo igqamisa amathiphu ambalwa abalulekile:

• Zihlole njalo izicisha-mliloukuqinisekisa ukuthi bayasebenza uma kudingeka.
• Gcina izicishamlilo ezindaweni ezibonakalayo nezifinyeleleka kalula.
• Faka amayunithi ngokuvikelekile ukuze ufinyelele ngokushesha.
• Sebenzisa i-uhlobo olulungile lwesicisha-mlilongengozi yomlilo ngayinye.
• Ungalokothi ususe noma ulimaze amalebula nama-nameplates, njengoba enikeza ulwazi olubalulekile.
• Yazi indlela yokuphunyuka ngaphambi kokulwa nomlilo.

Ithiphu: Uma umlilo ukhula noma ubhebhetheka, phuma ngokushesha futhi ushayele abezimo eziphuthumayo.

Lezi zinyathelo zisiza wonke umuntu ukuthi aphendule ngokuphepha nangokuzethemba ngesikhathi sesimo esiphuthumayo somlilo.

Ukugcinwa Nokubekwa Kwesicishamlilo

Ukuhlola Okuvamile

Ukuhlola okuvamile kugcina izinto zokuvikela umlilo zilungele izimo eziphuthumayo. Ukuhlola okubukwayo kwanyanga zonke kusiza ukulimala kwendawo, ukuqinisekisa amazinga okucindezela, nokuqinisekisa ukufinyelela okulula. Ukuhlolwa kochwepheshe kwaminyaka yonke kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okugcwele nokuthobela amazinga e-OSHA 29 CFR 1910.157(e)(3) kanye ne-NFPA 10. Izikhathi zokuhlola i-Hydrostatic zincike ohlotsheni lwesicisha-mlilo, kusukela njalo eminyakeni emi-5 ukuya kweyi-12. Lezi zinhlelo zokuhlola zisebenza kuzo zombili izindlu namabhizinisi.

• Ukuhlola okubukwayo kwanyanga zonke kubheka umonakalo, ingcindezi, nokufinyeleleka.
• Ukugcinwa kochwepheshe kwaminyaka yonke kuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nokusebenza.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Hydrostatic kwenzeka njalo eminyakeni emi-5 kuya kweyi-12, ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lwesicisha-mlilo.

Ukusevisa kanye Nokushintshwa

Ukusevisa ngendlela efanele kanye nokushintshwa ngesikhathi kuvikela izimpilo nempahla. Amasheke anyanga zonke kanye nokugcinwa kwanyanga zonke kuhlangabezana nezindinganiso eziyi-10 ze-NFPA. Ukunakekela kwangaphakathi kuyadingeka njalo eminyakeni eyisithupha. Izikhathi zokuhlola i-Hydrostatic ziyahlukahluka ngohlobo lwesicisha-mlilo. Imithetho ye-OSHA idinga amarekhodi okusebenza nokuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi. Ukushintshwa ngokushesha kuyadingeka uma ukugqwala, ukugqwala, ukubola, ama-seal aphukile, amalebula angafundeki, noma amapayipi awonakele. Ukufundwa kwegeji yokucindezela ngaphandle kobubanzi obuvamile noma ukulahlekelwa kwengcindezi ephindaphindiwe ngemva kokulungiswa nakho kubonisa isidingo sokushintshwa. Izicishamlilo ezenziwe ngaphambi kuka-Okthoba 1984 kufanele zisuswe ukuze zihlangabezane namazinga abuyekeziwe okuphepha. Ukusevisa okuphrofeshinali kanye nemibhalo kuqinisekisa ukuthotshelwa komthetho.

Ukubekwa Kwamasu

Ukubekwa kwamasu kuqinisekisa ukufinyelela okusheshayo kanye nokuphendula okusebenzayo komlilo. Faka izicishamlilo ezinezibambo eziphakathi kwamafithi angu-3.5 no-5 ukusuka phansi. Gcina amayunithi okungenani ama-intshi angu-4 ukusuka phansi. Umkhawulo wamabanga wokuhamba uyahluka: amafidi angama-75 emililo yekilasi A no-D, amafidi angama-30 emililo yekilasi B no-K. Beka izicishamlilo eduze nezindawo zokuphuma kanye nezindawo ezinobungozi kakhulu, njengamakhishi namagumbi asebenza ngomshini. Gwema ukubeka amayunithi eduze kakhulu nemithombo yomlilo. Faka izicishamlilo eduze kweminyango emagaraji ukuze ugweme ukuvinjwa. Sabalalisa amayunithi ezindaweni ezivamile ezinethrafikhi yezinyawo eziphakeme. Sebenzisa izimpawu ezicacile futhi ugcine ukufinyelela kungenalutho. Qondanisa amakilasi okucima umlilo nezingozi ezithile endaweni ngayinye. Ukuhlola okuvamile kugcina ukubekwa okufanele nokuhambisana nezindinganiso ze-OSHA, NFPA, ne-ADA.

Ithiphu: Ukubeka ngendlela efanele kunciphisa isikhathi sokubuyisa futhi kwandisa ukuphepha ngesikhathi sezimo eziphuthumayo.

1. Yonke indawo idinga isicishamlilo esifanele ngezingozi zayo eziyingqayizivele.
2. Ukubuyekezwa okuvamile nezibuyekezo zigcina izinhlelo zokuphepha zisebenza kahle.
3. Amazinga amasha ngo-2025 agqamisa isidingo semishini eqinisekisiwe nobuchwepheshe obuhlakaniphile.

Ukuhlala unolwazi ngezingozi zomlilo kuqinisekisa ukuvikeleka okungcono kwawo wonke umuntu.

FAQ

Isiphi isicishamlilo esingcono kakhulu esingasetshenziswa ekhaya ngo-2025?

Amakhaya amaningi asebenzisa isicishamlilo samakhemikhali esomile se-ABC. Ihlanganisa izinto ezivuthayo ezivamile, uketshezi oluvuthayo, nemililo kagesi. Lolu hlobo lunikeza ukuvikeleka okubanzi ezingozini ezivamile zasekhaya.

Umuntu kufanele ahlole kangaki isicisha-mlilo?

Ochwepheshe batusa ukuhlolwa okubukwayo kwanyanga zonke kanye nokuhlolwa kwaminyaka yonke kochwepheshe. Ukunakekelwa okuvamile kuqinisekisa ukuthi isicishamlilo sisebenza ngesikhathi sezimo eziphuthumayo futhi sihlangabezana nezindinganiso zokuphepha.

Ingabe isicishamlilo esisodwa singawuphatha zonke izinhlobo zomlilo?

Asikho isicisha-mlilo esisodwa esibamba wonke umlilo. Uhlobo ngalunye luqondise ezingozini ezithile. Hlala uqondanisa isicisha-mlilo nengozi yomlilo ukuze uphephe kakhulu.

Ithiphu: Njalo funda ilebula ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa. Ukukhetha okufanele kusindisa izimpilo.