Ngibonile ukuthi amanani e-US-China akuguqule kanjani ukuhwebelana komhlaba wonke, ikakhulukazi kubathumeli bempahla yomlilo. Ukukhuphuka kwezindleko zezinto ezibonakalayo kuye kwaba isithiyo esikhulu. Insimbi, okuyingxenye esemqoka, manje ibalelwa ku-35-40% wezindleko zempahla eluhlaza, amanani enyuke ngo-18% kulo nyaka. Imikhawulo yokuthekelisa kwamanye amazwe kuma-ejenti acisha umlilo asuselwa ku-phosphate iqhubekisele phambili nezindleko eziphakeme. Ukwengeza, izindinganiso eziqinile zokulawula njenge-ISO 7165:2020 ziyaqhubeka nokukhawulela ukufinyelela emakethe, kudala izinselele kubathumeli bangaphandle abazulazula kulawa manzi aneziyaluyalu.

Okuthathwayo Okubalulekile

• Izindleko eziphakeme ezivela ezindlekweni zase-US-China zilimaza abathengisi bezinto zomlilo. Sebenzisa abahlinzeki abaningi futhi usike imfucuza ukuze wonge imali.
• Izimakethe ezintsha njenge-India ne-Canadababe namathuba amakhulu okukhula. Shintsha imikhiqizo yakho ukuze ihambisane nezidingo zasendaweni namadolobha akhulayo.
• Imibono emisha ikusiza ukuthi uhlale uphambili. Sebenza kumadizayini aluhlaza kanye nobuchwepheshe obuhlakaniphile ukuze uhehe abathengi futhi wenze imikhiqizo ibe ngcono.

Umthelela Wezindleko Ze-US-China Ekuthunyelweni Kwezisetshenziswa Zomlilo

Izindleko Ezikhuphukayo Zabathumeli Bempahla Yomlilo

Izintela zase-US-China zenyuke kakhulu izindlekoabathumeli bempahla yomlilo. Izindleko zokuthutha ziye zanda ezindleleni eziningi zokuthutha. Ngokwesibonelo:

• Amaloli asekhaya kanye nezindleko zokuthumela ngemikhumbi kwamanye amazwe zikhuphuke kakhulu.
• Izindleko zamakhonteyna zikhuphuke zafinyelela ku-445%, okubangela uxhaso lwamaketanga.
• Ukubambezeleka okuqhubekayo kwechweba kanye nemizila yokuthutha ephazamisekile kwenyusa izintengo zabathengi.

Lezi zindleko ezikhulayo ziphoqa abathumeli kwamanye amazwe ukuthi babambe umthwalo wezezimali noma bawudlulisele kubathengi, okwenza imikhiqizo yabo ingabi nokuncintisana emhlabeni jikelele. Lesi simo sidale isimo esiyinselele kumabhizinisi azama ukugcina inzuzo kuyilapho ebambelela ezindinganisweni zekhwalithi eziqinile.

Yehla kumavolumu e-US-China Trade

Izintela nazo ziholele ekwehleni okubonakalayo kwenani lezohwebo phakathi kwe-US neChina. Abathengisi abaningi bempahla yomlilo babike ama-oda ancishisiwe avela kubathengi baseShayina ngenxa yamanani aphezulu kanye nezintela zokuziphindiselela. Lokhu kuncipha kuye kwaphoqa abathumeli bangaphandle ukuthi bahlole ezinye izimakethe, kodwa uguquko alunazo izithiyo. Ukusungula ubudlelwano obusha bezohwebo kudinga isikhathi, izinsiza, kanye nokuqonda okujulile kwemithetho yendawo kanye nokuthandwayo kwabathengi.

Ukushintsha Okuthandwayo Komthengi kanye Nezimakethe Zemakethe

Imakethe yezimpahla zomlilo ithuthuka ngokushesha, iqhutshwa ukuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokushintsha kwezidingo zabathengi. Ngokwesibonelo:

Ukufudukela emadolobheni kanye nokukhuphuka kwemali engenayo esetshenziswayo nakho kunomthelela ezinqumweni zokuthenga. Abathengi manje bafuna izixazululo zekhwalithi ephezulu, ezisimeme, nezithuthukisiwe zokuphepha emlilweni. Abathekelisa kumele bazijwayeze nalezi zindlela ukuze bahlale bencintisana emakethe yomhlaba.

Izinselelo Ezibhekene Nabathumeli Bempahla Yomlilo

Ukuphazamiseka Nokubambezeleka Kochungechunge Lokuhlinzeka

Ukuphazamiseka kochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla sekuphenduke inselele eqhubekayo kubathumeli bempahla yomlilo. Ngiqaphele ukuthi ukubambezeleka kokuthunyelwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe kanye nokuminyana kwechweba kuvame ukuholela ekwehleni kokukhiqiza. Isibonelo, ukushoda kwensimbi kanye nezindleko ezikhuphukayo zokuthutha kwenze kwaba nzima ukuhlangabezana nezinsuku eziwumnqamulajuqu zokulethwa. Lezi zinkinga azigcini nje ngokucindezela ubudlelwano nabathengi kodwa futhi zenyusa izindleko zokusebenza. Ukuze kuncishiswe lezi zingozi, abathumeli bangaphandle abaningi manje sebehlukanisa isisekelo sabahlinzeki babo futhi basebenzisa amathuluzi edijithali ukuqapha ukusebenza kochungechunge lokunikezela ngesikhathi sangempela.

Izithiyo Zokulawula Nokuhambisana

Izimfuneko zokulawula nokuhambisana nokuzulazula zihlala ziyisithiyo esibalulekile. Izwe ngalinye liphoqelela izindinganiso zalo zokuphepha emlilweni, ezingahluka kakhulu. Isibonelo, ukuhlangabezana nezindinganiso ze-ISO 7165:2020 zezicishamlilo eziphathwayo kudinga ukuhlolwa okuqinile nesitifiketi. Ngibonile ukuthi abathumeli bangaphandle abancane bavame ukuthwala kanzima ukwaba izinsiza zokuthobela umthetho, okuvimbela ukufinyelela kwabo emakethe. Ukuhlala unolwazi ngemithetho yamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokutshala imali kulwazi lokuthobela kungasiza amabhizinisi ukuthi anqobe lezi zithiyo.

Ukuncintisana Okukhulisiwe Ezimakethe Zomhlaba

Imakethe yezimpahla zokuphepha komlilo emhlabeni wonke iye yanda kakhulu ukuncintisana. Ukusebenzisana kwamasu nokutholwa phakathi kwabadlali abakhulu kuqhuba ukuqamba okusha nokukhula kwemakethe. Ukuqwashisa okukhulayo ngezingozi zomlilo kanye nemithetho eqinile yokuphepha kuye kwaqinisa ukuncintisana. Ukwengeza, ukufudukela emadolobheni kanye nezimboni kubhebhezela isidingo sezinga eliphezuluizixazululo zokuphepha komlilo. Ukuze bahlale bephambili, abathumeli kwamanye amazwe kufanele bagxile ekuhlukaniseni umkhiqizo kanye namasu agxile kumakhasimende. Ukunikeza okokusebenza kwe-eco-friendly futhi okuthuthukisiwe komlilo kunganikeza umkhawulo wokuncintisana kule makethe eguquguqukayo.

Amathuba Abathumeli Bempahla Yomlilo

Ukunwebela Ezimakethe Ezisafufusa

Izimakethe ezisafufusa ziveza amathuba abalulekile okukhula kwabathumeli bempahla yomlilo ngaphandle. Ngibonile ukuthi amazwe afana ne-India ne-Canada abhekene nokukhula ngokushesha kwamadolobha nokukhula kwezimboni, okwandisa isidingo sezixazululo zokuphepha emlilweni. Ngokwesibonelo:

• ICanada ibhekene nemvamisa ekhulayo yemililo yequbula ngenxa yezinguquko zemvelo njengeziphethu ezomile nehlobo elishisayo. Lo mkhuba udale isidingo esikhulu semishini yokucisha umlilo ukuze kuvikelwe ingqalasizinda kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha.
• Umkhakha wezindlu nezakhiwo wase-India kulindeleke ukuthi ufinyelele ku-$1 trillion ngo-2030, unikele ngama-13% ku-GDP. Lokhu kukhula kukhulisa isidingo semishini yokuphepha emlilweni ezakhiweni zokuhlala nezohwebo.

Imakethe yemishini yokuphepha yomlilo yomhlaba wonke kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ifinyelele ku- $ 67.15 billion ngo-2029, iqhutshwa izingozi zomlilo ezikhuphukayo kanye nesidingoizixazululo eco-friendly. Abathumeli bangaphandle bangenza imali kulawa mathrendi ngokuhlanganisa imikhiqizo yabo ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo ezithile zalezi zimakethe.

Ukusebenzisa Izivumelwano Zohwebo Zesifunda

Izivumelwano zohwebo zesifunda (ama-RTA) zinikeza abathumeli bangaphandle indlela yokunciphisa izindleko nokwandisa ukufinyelela ezimakethe. Ngibonile ukuthi izivumelwano zohwebo lwamahhala (ama-FTA) zibazuzise kanjani abakhiqizi base-US ezimbonini ezifanayo. Ngokwesibonelo:

• Ngo-2015, abakhiqizi base-US bathumele impahla engu-$12.7 billion ngaphezulu kozakwethu be-FTA kunaleyo abayingenisile.
• Cishe uhhafu wakho konke ukuthunyelwa kwempahla okukhiqizwa e-US kudayiselwe ozakwethu be-FTA, nakuba lawa mazwe emele kuphela u-6% wabathengi bomhlaba.

Ngokusebenzisa ama-RTA, abathumeli bempahla yomlilo bangathola umkhawulo wokuncintisana ezimakethe ezibalulekile. Lezi zivumelwano zivame ukunciphisa amanani entengo futhi zenze lula izidingo zokulawula, okwenza kube lula ukusungula indawo ezifundeni ezintsha.

Ukusungula Ngokusebenza Kahle Kwezindleko Nokusimama

Ukuqamba izinto ezintsha kudlala indima ebalulekile ekusizeni abathekelisi ukuthi bahlale bencintisana. Ngiqaphele ukuthi abathengi baya ngokuya bebeka phambili izinto ezithinta imvelo futhiimishini yokucima umlilo eyongayo. Ukuthuthukisa imikhiqizo esebenzisa izinto ezisimeme noma ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe kungaheha abathengi abaqaphela imvelo. Isibonelo, ukuhlanganisa izinzwa ezihlakaniphile kuma-alamu omlilo noma ukusebenzisa izinto ezigaywa kabusha ezicisha-mlilo kungathuthukisa ukukhanga komkhiqizo.

Ukwengeza, ukwamukela izinqubo zokukhiqiza ezingenawo amandla kunganciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza futhi kuthuthukise inzuzo. Abathekelisi abatshala imali ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni bazoba sesimweni esingcono sokuhlangabezana nezidingo zemakethe ezithuthukayo kuyilapho begcina izindleko zisebenza kahle.

I-Outlook Yekusasa Yokuthunyelwa Kwezisetshenziswa Zomlilo

Ukushintsha Okungenzeka Kuzinqubomgomo Zohwebo zase-US-China

Ngibonile ukuthi izinqubomgomo zezohwebo zase-US ziba nezinguquko zamasu. Ochwepheshe basikisela ukuthi i-US yamukela indlela egxile kakhulu ngaphakathi, ibeka izimboni zasekhaya kuqala kunohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Lokhu kushintshwa kungaholela ezinguqukweni zesakhiwo emnothweni, kube nomthelela ngqo emikhakheni efana naleimishini yomlilo. Izintela zingase zihlale ziyithuluzi elibalulekile ezingxoxweni zohwebo, okudala ukungaqiniseki kwabathumela ngaphandle. Kodwa-ke, le ndawo eguqukayo iphinde inikeze amathuba kumabhizinisi ukuthi ahlole ezinye izimakethe futhi anciphise ukuthembela emizileni yokuhweba evamile. Ukuhlala uphapheme futhi unolwazi mayelana nezinguquko zenqubomgomo kuzobaluleka ukuze ubhekane nalezi zinselele.

Ukukhula Kwesidingo Sezisetshenziswa Zokuphepha Emlilweni Emhlabeni Wonke

Isidingo somhlaba wonke seimishini yokuphepha emlilweniiyaqhubeka nokukhuphuka, iqhutshwa ukukhula kwamadolobha, imithetho eqinile, kanye nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe. Ngokwesibonelo:

1. Izidingo zokulawula zaseYurophu zigunyaza ukuthuthukiswa okuvamile kwezinhlelo zomlilo, okwandisa isidingo.
2. I-Middle East kanye nezimboni zase-Afrika zikawoyela negesi zandisa ukugxila kwazo ezinhlelweni zokuhlonza umlilo.
3. Imali engenayo ekhulayo yaseLatin America kanye nokuqwashisa umphakathi kubhebhezela ukukhula kwemakethe.

Izimakethe ezisafufusa e-Asia-Pacific naseLatin America ziyathembisa. Ngiqaphele ukuthi ukufudukela kwabantu emadolobheni kanye nemisebenzi yezimboni kulezi zifunda kudala ukwanda kwesidingo semishini yomlilo. Abathumeli abavela kwamanye amazwe abahlanganisa imikhiqizo yabo ukuze bahlangabezane nezidingo zasendaweni bazothola umkhawulo wokuncintisana.

Iqhaza Lobuchwepheshe Ekulolongeni Imboni

Ubuchwepheshe buguqula imboni yezicishamlilo. Izindlela ezintsha ezifana nezinhlelo zokuthola umlilo ezinikwe amandla yi-IoT kanye nezibalo eziqhutshwa yi-AI kuguqula ukuphepha komlilo. Isibonelo, i-AI ithuthukisa amandla okuqagela, inikeze amandla izimpendulo ezisheshayo nezinembe kakhudlwana ezingozini zomlilo. Izinkampani ziphinde zihlanganise ama-drones namarobhothi ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle nokuphepha.

Ngikholwa ukuthi lezi ntuthuko ngeke zithuthukise ukuphepha kuphela kodwa futhi zidale amathuba amasha kubathumeli kwamanye amazwe ukuze banikeze izixazululo ezisezingeni eliphezulu. Ngokwamukela lobu buchwepheshe, amabhizinisi angahlala ehamba phambili emakethe yokuncintisana.

Izindleko ze-US-China ziye zalungisa kabusha imboni yokuthekelisa impahla yomlilo, yakha kokubili izinselelo namathuba. Ngikholwa ukuthi abathumeli kwamanye amazwe kumele babeke phambili ukuhlukahluka kwezimakethe, basebenzise izivumelwano zohwebo zesifunda, futhi batshale imali emisha ukuze bahlale bencintisana.

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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-12-2025