Ama-valve okumisa umlilo asebenza njengezingxenye ezibalulekile ezinhlelweni zokuphepha komlilo. Bavumela izicishamlilo ukuthi zixhume amapayipi emanzini ngendlela efanele. Idizayini nokusebenza kwengxenye yevalvu ngayinye, njengei-valve yokwehla enentambo yesifazanekanye nei-valve yokubeka i-flange yethusi, nomthelela ngqo empumelelweni yemizamo yokuphendula umlilo. A enakekelwe kahleI-valve yokumisa engu-3iqinisekisa ukugeleza kwamanzi okuhle ngesikhathi sezimo eziphuthumayo.
Izinhlobo zama-Fire Landing Valves
Ama-valve okumisa umlilo afika ngezinhlobo ezahlukene, ngayinye yakhelwe ukusetshenziswa okukhethekile kuzo zombili izilungiselelo zezimboni nezindawo zokuhlala. Ukuqonda lezi zinhlobo kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuphendula okusebenzayo komlilo.
Olunye uhlobo oluvamile yi-I-Fire Hydrant Landing Valve. Le valve isebenzisa izinsimbi ezimelana nokugqwala, ezithuthukisa ukuphepha nokuhlala isikhathi eside. Ixhuma kalula kumapayipi omlilo, okuvumela izicishamlilo ukuba zifinyelele amanzi ngokushesha ngesikhathi sezimo eziphuthumayo.
Olunye uhlobo yi-I-Flange Type Landing Valve. Le valve inokuxhumana okuqinile okunikeza ukwethembeka okuthuthukisiwe. Iwusizo ikakhulukazi ezindaweni lapho ukucindezela okuphezulu kuwukukhathazeka, okwenza kube ukukhetha okuncanyelwayo kwezicelo zezimboni.
II-3 Way Landing Valveisekela izinhlelo eziguquguqukayo zokuvikela umlilo. Ivumela izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene, ivumela amapayipi amaningi ukuthi axhumeke ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lesi sici sibalulekile ngesikhathi sezimo eziphuthumayo ezinkulu lapho ukugeleza kwamanzi ngokushesha kubalulekile.
Ezindaweni zokuhlala, ama-valve aneizixhumanisi ezifakiwezivame ukuthandwa. Zidinga isikhala esincane futhi zenza kube lula ukufakwa. Ngokuphambene,izixhumanisi flangedzithandwa ezilungiselelweni zezimboni ngenxa yekhono lazo lokusingatha izingcindezi zemigqa ephezulu ngokuphepha.
| Uhlobo lweValve | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| I-Fire Hydrant Landing Valve | Isebenzisa izinsimbi ezimelana nokugqwala ngokuphepha. |
| I-Flange Type Landing Valve | Ifaka uxhumo oluqinile lokuthembeka okuthuthukisiwe. |
| I-3 Way Landing Valve | Isekela amasistimu okuvikela umlilo aguquguqukayo, okuvumela izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene. |
Ngokuqonda lezi zinhlobo zamavalvu okumisa umlilo, abantu ngabanye bangenza izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nezinhlelo zabo zokuphepha emlilweni.
Izingxenye Ezibalulekile Zamavavu Okufika Komlilo
Umzimba weValve
Umzimba we-valve usebenza njengesakhiwo esiyinhloko se-valve yokumisa umlilo. Igcina zonke ezinye izingxenye futhi idlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni ukugeleza kwamanzi.Abakhiqizi bavame ukwakha imizimba yama-valvekusukela ezintweni ezifanazethusi, i-aluminium, nensimbi engagqwali. Into ngayinye inikeza izakhiwo eziyingqayizivele ezithuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-valve:
| Okubalulekile | Izakhiwo |
|---|---|
| Ithusi | Iqinile, iqinile, inamandla amakhulu, imelana nokugqwala |
| I-Aluminium | Ilula, iqinile, imelana nokugqwala |
| Insimbi engagqwali | Iqinile, imelana nokuguga |
Ukuma nobukhulu bomzimba we-valve kuthinta kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kokugeleza kwamanzi. Aukuklama okuqondile kunciphisa ukumelana nokugeleza kanye nesiyaluyalu. Lo mklamo uvumela amanzi ukuthi ahambe kahle, afinyelele lapho aya khona ngokushesha. Ukwehla komfutho ophansi kuwumphumela walo mklamo, obalulekile ekugcineni imifudlana yamanzi enamandla ngesikhathi sezimo eziphuthumayo.
- Idizayini eqondile yehlisa isiyaluyalu, ivumela ukugeleza kwamanzi okushelelayo.
- Ukwehla komfutho ophansi kusiza ukugcina imifudlana yamanzi enamandla, ebalulekile ezimeni zokucisha umlilo.
- Usayizi ohlangene wenza kube lula ukufaka nokunakekela.
I-Valve Stem
Isiqu se-valve singenye ingxenye ebalulekile yama-valve okumisa umlilo. Ilawula ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwe-valve, ithonya ngokuqondile ukugeleza kwamanzi. Ukwakheka kwesiqu se-valve, ikakhulukazi izici ezifana ne-anti-blolow out, kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kalula ngesikhathi sezimo eziphuthumayo. Lo mklamo uvimbela isiqu ekukhishweni ngenxa yokucindezela kwangaphakathi, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile nokusheshayo.
Ngokwe-ISO 12567, i-valve kufanele yakhelwe ukuvimbela isiqu ukuthi singakhishwa lapho kukhishwa imishini yokusebenza noma yokuvala. Le mfuneko ithuthukisa ukuphepha phakathi nezimo eziphuthumayo zomlilo ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi isiqu se-valve sihlala sinjalo, okuvumela ukusebenza okuthembekile.
Izitolo
Izitolo ziyizindawo zokuxhuma kuvalvu yokumisa umlilo lapho kuxhunywa amapayipi. Ukucushwa kwe-outlet okuhlukile kuthinta ukuhambisana nemishini yokucisha umlilo. Ukuqonda lokhu kulungiselelwa kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngempumelelo kokucisha umlilo. Ithebula elilandelayo libonisa ukucushwa kwe-outlet evamile:
| Uhlobo Lokucupha | Incazelo | Umthelela Ezisetshenziswa Zokulwa Nomlilo |
|---|---|---|
| Ikilasi I | 2 1/2″ ukuxhumana kwepayipi labacimi bomlilo | Iqinisekisa ukugeleza okwanele kwemisebenzi yokucisha umlilo |
| Ikilasi II | Amapayipi afakwe unomphela ekuxhumekeni okungu-1 1/2″ | Inikeza ukufinyelela ngokushesha emanzini okucisha umlilo |
| Ikilasi III | Ingxube Yekilasi I kanye Nekilasi II | Inikeza ukuguquguquka kumasu okucisha umlilo |
Seals kanye Gaskets
Ama-seal nama-gaskets adlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni ubuqotho bamavalvu okumisa umlilo. Zivimbela ukuvuza futhi ziqinisekise ukuthi amanzi ageleza kahle ohlelweni. Izigxivizo zekhwalithi ephezulu kanye nama-gaskets abalulekile ekusebenzeni okuthembekile. Ukuhlola njalo nokushintshwa kwalezi zingxenye kungavimbela ukwehluleka okungenzeka ngesikhathi sezimo eziphuthumayo.
Imisebenzi Yezingxenye Ze-Fire Landing Valve
Ukulawula Ukugeleza Kwamanzi
Ama-valve okumisa umlilo adlala indima ebalulekileukulawula ukugeleza kwamanzi ngesikhathi semisebenzi yokucisha umlilo. Baxhuma ohlelweni lokuhlinzeka ngamanzi kwangaphakathi kwesakhiwo, okuvumela izicishamlilo ukuthi zilawule ukulethwa kwamanzi ngendlela efanele. Ngokuguqula isibambo se-valve, bangakwazi ukulungisa izinga lokugeleza, baqinisekise ukuthi amanzi afinyelela ezindaweni ezidingekayo ngokusekelwe ezidingweni ezithile zomzamo wokucima umlilo. Lokhu kulawula okunembayo kubalulekile ukuze kukhuliswe ukusebenza kahle kwemisebenzi yokucisha umlilo.
| Okujwayelekile | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| I-NFPA 13 | Icacisa ubuncane besikhathi sokuvalwa kwamavalvu okulawula ezinhlelweni zokufafaza umlilo ukuze kuvinjelwe isando samanzi, kuqinisekiswe ukugeleza kwamanzi okuthembekile ngesikhathi sezimo eziphuthumayo. |
| I-NFPA 14 | Ilawula ama-valve kuma-standpipe systems, abalulekile ekuhlinzekeni ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi ezimeni zokucisha umlilo. |
Ukulawulwa Kwengcindezi
Ukulawulwa kwengcindezi kungomunye umsebenzi obalulekile wamavalvu okumisa umlilo. Lawa ma-valve agcina umfutho wamanzi ozinzile ngesikhathi sezimo eziphuthumayo, okubaluleke kakhulu ezakhiweni eziphakeme. Asebenza ngokuvumela amanzi ukuba ageleze emakamelweni ahlukahlukene alungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo ukucindezela. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukukhishwa okungaguquguquki kumapayipi omlilo nezinhlelo zokufafaza, kuvimbele ukushintshashintsha okungase kuthiye imizamo yokucisha umlilo.
- Amaphampu omlilo akhuphula umfutho wamanzi lapho amanzi engenawo amandla.
- Izikali zokucindezela ziqapha ingcindezi yamanje ukuze kulandeleke kalula.
- Amapayipi aqinile ayadingeka ukuphatha ukucindezela okuphezulu ngaphandle kokuvuza.
- Onjiniyela bavame ukusebenzisa izindawo zokucindezela ezakhiweni ezinde, ngalinye linepompo namavalvu alo ukuze kugcinwe umfutho ongaguquki.
Ikhono lokulawula ukucindezela ngokuphumelelayo livimbela ukushaywa kwamanzi, okungalimaza amapayipi nokufakwa. Lokhu kuvikela kubalulekile ekugcineni ubuqotho besistimu yokucisha umlilo nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile ngesikhathi sezimo eziphuthumayo.
Izindlela Zokuphepha
Izindlela zokuphepha kumavalvu okumisa umlilo zenzelwe ukuthobela izindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe zokuphepha emlilweni. Lezi zici ziqinisekisa ukuthi ama-valve asebenza ngokuthembekile ngaphansi kwezimo eziphezulu zokucindezela, ukuvikela kokubili okokusebenza kanye nabasebenzi abahilelekile emizamweni yokucima umlilo.
| Isici | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukuhambisana | Ama-valve okwehla e-AIP ahlangabezana namazinga okuphepha nokusebenza kwamazwe ngamazwe. |
| Izinto zokwakha | Kwenziwe ngezinto ezimelana nokugqwala ukuze ziqine. |
| Idizayini | Itholakala ngemiklamo ehlukahlukene ukuze ivumelane nezidingo zokufaka ezinhlelweni zokuvikela umlilo. |
| Ukusebenza | Idizayinelwe ukusebenza okuthembekile ngaphansi kwezimo zokucindezela okuphezulu. |
| Isitifiketi | Kwenziwe ngaphansi kwezinqubo eziqinisekiswe i-ISO zekhwalithi eqinisekisiwe nokusebenza. |
Lezi zici zokuphepha azigcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukwethembeka kwamavalvu okumisa umlilo kodwa futhi zifaka isandla ekusebenzeni kahle okuphelele kwezinhlelo zokuvikela umlilo. Ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi ama-valve asebenza ngendlela efanele, asiza ukuvikela izimpilo nempahla ngesikhathi sezimo eziphuthumayo.
Ukulungisa Izindlela Ezinhle Kakhulu Zokumisa Umlilo Amavavu
Ukugcina ama-valve okumisa umlilo kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukwethembeka kwawo ngesikhathi sezimo eziphuthumayo. Ukuhlola okuvamile, izinqubo zokuhlanza, nezindlela zokugcoba kunomthelela omkhulu ekuphileni isikhathi eside nasekusebenzeni kwalezi zingxenye ezibalulekile.
Ukuhlola Okuvamile
Ukuhlola okuvamile kusiza ukuhlonza izinkinga ezingase zibe khona ngaphambi kokuba zikhule. Imithetho yokuphepha komlilo incoma izikhawu ezithile zokuhlolwa:
| Imvamisa Yokuhlola | Izinto Zihloliwe |
|---|---|
| Nsuku zonke/Maviki onke | Amageji, amavalvu, izingxenye zevalvu, ukuhlolwa kokunquma, amaassembly okuvimbela ukugeleza kwe-backflow, i-standpipe |
| Nyanga zonke | Amageji, amavalvu, izingxenye zamavalvu, ukuhlolwa kokunquma, isistimu yephampu yomlilo, amaassemblies okuvimbela ukugeleza emuva, i-standpipe |
| Ngekota | Imishini ye-alamu, ukuxhumana komnyango womlilo, ukunciphisa ingcindezi namavalvu okusiza, ukuxhunywa kwamapayipi |
| Minyaka yonke | Umbhobho omile, amavalvu, izingxenye zamavalvu, ukuhlolwa kokunquma, isevisi yomlilo yangasese |
| Umjikelezo Weminyaka engu-5 | Uphenyo lokuvinjwa kwangaphakathi, ama-valve, ukuhlolwa kwezingxenye zama-valve |
Ukuhlola okuvamile kusiza ukuthola ukuguga nokugqwala, okungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwengxenye. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukusebenza kwe-valve kuhlala kungaphazamiseki, kunciphisa ubungozi bezingozi ngenxa yezinto ezingalungile.
Izinqubo Zokuhlanza
Izinqubo zokuhlanza ezisebenzayo zibalulekile ekugcineni izingxenye zamavalvu okumisa umlilo. Ithebula elilandelayo libonisa izindlela zokuhlanza ezinconyiwe:
| Inqubo Yokuhlanza | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| I-Anti-corrosion Coatings | Gcoba izinto zokumboza ukuze ugweme ukugqwala nokugqwala ezingxenyeni zamavalvu. |
| Ukuhlola Okuvamile | Yenza ukuhlolwa ukuze uthole izimpawu zokuqala zokugqwala nokugqwala. |
| Amabhulashi Ocingo/Ukuqhunyiswa kwesihlabathi | Sebenzisa lezi zindlela ukususa ukugqwala okukhona kuma-valve. |
| Isicelo se-Rust Inhibitor | Faka ama-inhibitors noma ama-primers ngemuva kokuhlanza ukuvikela emonakalweni wesikhathi esizayo. |
| Ukushintshwa Kwezingxenye Ezigqwalile | Shintshanisa noma yiziphi izingxenye ezigqwalile kakhulu ukuze ugcine ukusebenza. |
Ukusebenzisa lezi zinqubo zokuhlanza kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ama-valve asebenza kahle futhi ngokuphepha.
Amasu Okugcoba
I-lubrication efanele ibalulekileukwethembeka kokusebenzaama-valve okumisa umlilo. Izithambisi ezinconyiwe zihlanganisa:
- I-Fuchs FM Grease 387 yama-hydrants.
- Gwema amafutha ebanga lokudla aqukethe i-acetate.
Ukugcoba njalo kunciphisa ukungqubuzana nokuguga, kuvimbela ukulimala ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Iphinde inikeze isambatho esivikelayo ngokumelene nomswakama kanye nezinto ezonakalisayo, iqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle. Ukulandela imiyalelo yomkhiqizi yefrikhwensi yokugcoba kuthuthukisa ukusebenza nempilo yevalvu.
Izinkinga Ezivamile kanye Nokuxazulula Inkinga Kumavalvu Okufika Komlilo
Ukuvuza
Ukuvuza kuma-valve okuhlalisa umlilo kungavela ezintweni eziningana. Izimbangela ezivamile zihlanganisa ukuguga, ukulimala, ukufakwa noma ukulungiswa okungalungile, ukunqwabelana kokungcola, nezindaba ezihlobene nokuvalwa kwama-valve. Ukuhlola njalo nokuseviswa kwama-valve kusiza ukubona ukuvuza kusenesikhathi.
Ithiphu:Sebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-acoustic emission ukukhomba ukuvuza kumavalvu avaliwe. Le ndlela ihlanganisa ama-valve okuhlukanisa avuzayo ngokusekelwe kumthelela wawo ekulahlekeni kokuhlukaniswa komjikelezo, ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa ukushisa nokuqinisekisa i-ROI yokulungisa.
Ukuze ulungise ukuvuza ngokuphumelelayo, cabangela lezi zindlela ezilandelayo:
| Indlela | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| I-Acoustic Emission Technology | Ihlonza ukuvuza kwamavalvu avaliwe, okusiza ekubekeni phambili ukulungisa. |
Ukugqwala
Ukugqwala kubangela usongo olukhulu ezingxenyeni zamavalvu okumisa umlilo, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinomswakama. Izinto ezibangela ukugqwala zihlanganisa ukuba khona kwezinsimbi ezingafani, ama-electrolyte asebenzayo, nezimo zemvelo. Amanzi ayizinsalela asuka ekuhlolweni nasekuhlanganisweni angasheshisa ukwakheka kokugqwala.
Ukuze unciphise ukugqwala, sebenzisa lezi zinyathelo zokuvimbela:
- Khetha izinto zokwakha ezisezingeni eliphezulu, ezimelana nokugqwala.
- Sebenzisa okokuvikela ukuze uvikeleke ezintweni zemvelo.
- Ukulungisa njalo ukulungisa noma yikuphi ukushiyeka kwesakhiwo.
I-Valve Sticking
Ukunamathela kwe-valve kungenzeka ngesikhathi sezimo eziphuthumayo ngenxa yephutha lomuntu noma ukuphatha okungalungile. Izisebenzi zingase zikhohlwe ukuqinisa ama-flange ngemva kokulungiswa, okuholela ekungasebenzini kahle. Ukuntuleka kokuxhumana phakathi nezinguquko zeshifu nakho kungaholela ekutheni ulwazi olubalulekile luphuthelwe.
Ukuze unciphise ingozi yokunamathela kwe-valve, cabanga ngalezi zindlela zokulungisa:
- Yenzaukuhlolwa njalo ukuhlola ukugqwala noma ukugqwala.
- Hlanza ingaphakathi lekhabhinethi ukuze ususe uthuli nemfucumfucu.
- Gcoba i-valve ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle.
Ngokubhekana nalezi zinkinga ezivamile, ama-valve okumisa umlilo angasebenza ngokuthembekile, aqinisekise ukuphendula okuphumelelayo komlilo lapho kudingeka.
Ukuqonda izingxenye ze-valve yokumisa umlilo kubalulekile ekucimeni umlilo okuphumelelayo. Lezi zingxenye ziqinisekisa ukugeleza kwamanzi okuthembekile ngesikhathi sezimo eziphuthumayo. Ukugcinwa njalo kwama-valve okumisa umlilo kuthuthukisa ukuphepha nokuthembeka kokusebenza. Ukunakekelwa okufanele kuvimbela ukwehluleka futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi izicishamlilo zingaphendula ngokushesha lapho umzuzwana ngamunye ubala.
FAQ
Iyini inhloso yevalvu yokubeka umlilo?
Ama-valve okumisa umlilo axhuma amapayipi emanzini, okwenza ukuthi amanzi ageleze ngempumelelo ngesikhathi sokucisha umlilo.
Kufanele ahlolwe kangaki amavalvu okumisa umlilo?
Hlola ama-valve okumisa umlilo njalo, ngokufanelekile nyanga zonke, ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi asebenza kahle futhi uhlonze izinkinga ezingase zibe khona kusenesikhathi.
Yiziphi izinto ezivame ukusetshenziswa kuma-valve okubeka umlilo?
Abakhi bavamise ukusebenzisa ithusi, i-aluminium, nensimbi engagqwali kumavalvu okumisa umlilo ngenxa yokuqina kwawo nokumelana nokugqwala.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-09-2025